Between 1990 and 2019, there were 7 positive IOD years. The following winter in all 6 cases saw above average temperatures over the eastern half of the US.
The 7 positive IOD years were 1994,1997, 2006, 2012, 2015, 2018 and 2019.
Out of the 7 positive IOD events, 6 out of 7 of the following winters saw above average precipitation over the Eastern US.
Also 5 out of the 7 times, the UK saw above average precipitation and 5 out of 7 times Northern Australia saw below average precipitation.
6 out of 7 times saw Southern Africa experience drier than usual conditions
6 out of 7 times saw roughly the same area southwest of Spain, Portugal experiencing drier than usual conditions.
The 7 winters following positive IOD years, temperature anomalies:
2019-2020 winter:
The 7 positive IOD years were 1994,1997, 2006, 2012, 2015, 2018 and 2019.
Out of the 7 positive IOD events, 6 out of 7 of the following winters saw above average precipitation over the Eastern US.
Also 5 out of the 7 times, the UK saw above average precipitation and 5 out of 7 times Northern Australia saw below average precipitation.
6 out of 7 times saw Southern Africa experience drier than usual conditions
6 out of 7 times saw roughly the same area southwest of Spain, Portugal experiencing drier than usual conditions.
The 7 winters following positive IOD years, temperature anomalies:
2019-2020 winter:
2018-2019 winter:
2015-2016 Northern Hemisphere winter:
2012-2013 Northern Hemisphere winter:
2006-2007 Northern Hemisphere winter:
1997-1998 Northern Hemisphere winter:
1994-1995 Northern Hemisphere winter:
Precipitation anomalies:
2019-2020 Northern Hemisphere winter:
2018-2019 Northern Hemisphere winter:
2015-2016 Northern Hemisphere winter:
2012-2013 Northern Hemisphere winter:
2006-2007 Northern Hemisphere winter:
1997-1998 Northern Hemisphere winter:
1994-1995 Northern Hemisphere winter: